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   <h1 class="p_Heading1"><span class="f_Heading1">Land Use System</span></h1>

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<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Land use system is a mixture of </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-style: italic;">land cover </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">(e.g. Forest land, Grassland, Wetland) and </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-style: italic;">land use</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> (e.g. Cropland, Settlements) classes. The Characterization of land use system has to be able to representvariation of carbon stock and economic profitability. The information about land use system characterization are needed to estimate carbon stocks, emissions, and removals of greenhouse gases associated with Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) activities.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Six broad categories of land are described here may be considered as top‐level categories for representing land areas within a country. The categories are consistent with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines and the requirements of Articles 3.3 and 3.4 of the </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Kyoto Protocol</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">.</span></p>
<p style="line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Example of Land Cover Categories</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">The table below shows an example of land-cover categories and respective definition used in one of World Agroforestry Study in Tripa and Batang Toru study sites in Sumatra, Indonesia. Table example of land cover categories.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15;"><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;</span></p>
<div style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><table style="margin:0 auto; border:none; border-spacing:0px; border-collapse:collapse;">
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; background-color:#d9d9d9; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">No.</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; background-color:#d9d9d9; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Land-use/cover types</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; background-color:#d9d9d9; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Description</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">1</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Undisturbed forest</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Undisturbed forest is natural forest cover with dense canopy, highly diverse species and</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">basal</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">areas.</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> I</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">t</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">has</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">no</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">log</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;">g</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">ing</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">roads,</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">indicating</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">that </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;">i</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">t</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;">h</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">as</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">never</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">been</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">log</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">g</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">ed, at</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">least</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">not on a</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">lar</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">g</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">e</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">scale,</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">and</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> is usually </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">located </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">i</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">n</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">are</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">a</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">s</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">with</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">rough</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">to</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">po</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">graphy. Canopy</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> c</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">ov</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">e</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">r</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">of </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">u</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">ndisturbed for</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">e</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">st</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">i</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">s</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">usually</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">&gt; </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">8</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">0%.</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> I</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">n</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">satell</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;">i</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">te images</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">i</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">t</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">i</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">s</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">indicated</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">by</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">high </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">value</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">of</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">vegetation</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">index</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 2px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">and</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">inf</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: -1px;">r</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">ared  </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">sp</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">e</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">ctr</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">u</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">m</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">  </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">chan</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">n</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">els  </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">and  </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">lower  </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">value  </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">i</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">n</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">  </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">visible </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">spectr</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">u</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">m channel</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; letter-spacing: 1px;">s</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: 'times new roman';">.</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">2</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Undisturbed swamp forest</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Similar to #1, but located in swamp environment and normally with lower vegetation and canopy density compared to lowland and mountainous forest.</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">3</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Disturbed/degreded forest </span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Natural forest area having been disturbed by logging or other timber extraction or fire but still has relatively dense tree cover and dense canopy. Canopy cover is around 20-60%. Large trees with diameter &gt; 30 cm can be found.</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">4</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Disturbed swamp forest</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Similar to #3, located in swamp environment.</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">5</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Rubber agroforest</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Rubber agroforest is characterised by the presence of rubber trees mixed with other tree species, which form a stand structure similar to secondary forest. Rubber trees typically account for less than 70% of the population of trees above 10 cm dbh (diameter at breast height). When the presence of non‐rubber trees is dominant and the plot is old enough, the area will be very hard to differentiate from natural forest.</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">6</span></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Mixed garden</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Mixed garden is a tree-based system with more than 30% of the area consisting of various species of trees. Mixed gardens are usually located relatively close to settlements or roads. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">7</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Agroforest</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Agroforest is defined as a tree-based system mixed with crops and other vegetation with a range of density and diversity lower than but similar to mixed gardens; usually also includes natural understorey vegetation. The location is not limited by distance to any other land use. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">8 </span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Estate/plantation</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Monoculture plantation of tree crops and/or timber. Tree canopy cover is around 30-50%</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">9</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Oil palm</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Monoculture plantation of oil palm planted by private companies and local people.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">10</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Coffee agroforest</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Mixed cultivation system of coffee and shade trees, mostly managed by local pople; normally located close to settlements.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">11</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Cleared land</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Area where trees have been cleared, which includes ex-logging areas or slashed-and-burned areas prepared for agriculture; vegetation cover usually herbeceous vegetation and/or grass.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">12</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Cropland</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Cropland is intensively cultivated land and is mostly planted with annual crops, such as staple food, vegetables, fruit.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">13</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Shrubs, grass</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Area dominated by non-woody vegetation, which is usually an ex-forest clearing area that undergoes natural secondary regrowth. For old shrub, there is a low lower</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:28px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">14</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:174px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">No data</span></p>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top; width:347px; padding:4px; border:solid 1px #000000;"><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 13px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">No data refers to unclassified area, clouds, and shadow area.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 8px 0px 0px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">The peat - land map was utilised to distinguish between swamp forest and lowland forest, as the aboveground carbon - stock differs between these vegetation types.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">The top‐level land categories for GHG inventory reporting are:</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; padding: 0px 0px 0px 24px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="font-size:16px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial';color:#000000;display:inline-block;width:24px;margin-left:-24px">&#8226;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Cropland: </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">this category includes arable and tillage land and agro‐forestry systems where woody vegetation falls below the thresholds used for the forest land category, consistent with the selection of national definitions; part of the agroforestry systems falls into this class.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; padding: 0px 0px 0px 24px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="font-size:16px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial';color:#000000;display:inline-block;width:24px;margin-left:-24px">&#8226;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Forest land: </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">this category includes all land with woody vegetation, usually subdivided into managed and unmanaged, and further by ecosystem type as specified in the </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-style: italic;">IPCC Guidelines </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">2003 Chapter 3. Agroforests are usually included in this category.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; padding: 0px 0px 0px 24px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="font-size:16px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial';color:#000000;display:inline-block;width:24px;margin-left:-24px">&#8226;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Grassland: </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">this category includes rangelands and pasture land that is not considered as cropland. The category also includes all grassland from wild lands to recreational areas as well as agricultural and silvi‐pastoral systems that do not meet the forest land criterion, subdivided into managed and unmanaged consistent with national definitions.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; padding: 0px 0px 0px 24px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="font-size:16px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial';color:#000000;display:inline-block;width:24px;margin-left:-24px">&#8226;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Other land: </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">this category includes bare soil, rock, ice, and all unmanaged land areas that do not fall into any of the other five categories. It allows the total of identified land areas to match the national area, where data are available.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; padding: 0px 0px 0px 24px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="font-size:16px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial';color:#000000;display:inline-block;width:24px;margin-left:-24px">&#8226;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Settlements: </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">this category includes all developed land, including transportation infrastructure and human settlements of any size, unless they are already included under other categories.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; padding: 0px 0px 0px 24px; margin: 0px 0px 8px 24px;"><span style="font-size:16px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial';color:#000000;display:inline-block;width:24px;margin-left:-24px">&#8226;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Wetlands: </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">this category includes land that is covered or saturated by water for all or part of the year (e.g., </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">peat land</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">) and that does not fall into the forest land, cropland, grassland or settlements categories. The category can be subdivided into managed and unmanaged according to national definitions.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">When applying these categories, inventory agencies should classify land under only one category to prevent double counting. If a country's land classification system does not match categories to as described above, it is </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-style: italic;">good practice </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">to combine or disaggregate the existing land classes of this system of land‐use classification in order to use the categories presented here, and to report on the procedure adopted. It is also good practice to specify national definitions for all categories used in the inventory and report any threshold or parameter values used in the definitions. Where national land classification systems are being changed or developed for the first time, it is good practice to ensure their compatibility with land‐use classes (i) to (vi) (IPCC, 2003).</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Countries will use their own definitions, which may, of course, refer to internationally accepted definitions, such as those by IPCC, FAO, Ramsar, etc. For that reason no definitions are given here beyond broad descriptions. In addition, the detailed definitions and the national approach to distinguishing between land uses should be described in a transparent manner. Land‐cover types to be classified are determined and defined prior to the classification processes.</span></p>
<p style="line-height: 1.15; margin: 15px 0px 0px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">How to input data in land use system:</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Click </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Input</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> button from main menu </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Wingdings;">&rarr;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">spatial &amp; carbon stock data</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Wingdings;">&rarr;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> click </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">land use system</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> or expands the tree menu on the structured menu (this place on the left side by default) click </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">+input</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Wingdings;">&rarr;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">+spatial &amp; carbon stock data</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Wingdings;">&rarr;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">land use system</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 4px 0px;"><img src="clip0009_zoom93.png" width="489" height="359" alt="clip0009" style="border:none" /></p>
<p style="line-height: 1.15; margin: 8px 0px 0px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Import data from spreedsheet or data excel to abacus.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">Copy data from spreadsheet or excel </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Wingdings;">&rarr;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> in abacus software click import from clipboard button </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Wingdings;">&rarr;</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;"> then click yes.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><img src="hmfile_hash_e1004834.png" width="833" height="448" alt="Capture import" style="border:none" /></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 0px 8px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">By default there only one land use system defined. In other step you can input from abacus with click add button to add data (</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">+</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">) and click remove button to delete data </span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">(-)</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">. Rename the label according to your land use system data, and add description if necessary.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="clip0011_zoom76.png" width="600" height="445" alt="clip0011" style="border:none" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0px 0px 12px 0px;"><span class="f_ImageCaption" style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: normal;">Land use system list</span></p>
<p style="line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri; font-weight: bold;">Land use transition eligibility</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: calibri;">The land use transition eligibility is related to eligibility of the specific transition for the REDD mechanism as defined on IPCC Guideline. The options can be used for analyzing the output based on with and without the consideration of the transition eligibility. Click “Transition Eligibility” tab to define the eligibility for each land use transition.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 6px 0px 0px;"><img src="clip0012_zoom76.png" width="598" height="444" alt="clip0012" style="border:none" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 6px 0px 0px;"><span class="f_ImageCaption" style="font-size: 16px; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: normal;">Land use system eligibility</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px 6px 0px 0px;"><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;</span></p>

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